A survey course of the Wind Energy Industry, starting with why and how and where of wind flows, to the operations of wind trubines and the industry history and how it has grown world wide in the last 30 years.

The materials are primarily US-centric, though there are numerous examples of work in China, South America and Mexico. Interestingly, the focus on the United States allows inclusion of historical information that many in today's wind industry may not know. For example, few today know or remember that the U.S. Department of Energy spent $350 million from 1973 through 1990 on the development of large wind turbines--fully half of all research funds for wind energy in the United States--and that the program was "largely a failure". Yet today we have 35,000 megawatts (Jan. 2010) of LARGE turbines installed.

Course chapters and sub headings.
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Dutch Windmill
1.2 Farm Windmill
1.3 Wind Chargers
1.4 Generation of Electricity for Utilities
References

ENERGY 2.1 Philosophy
2.1.1 Advantages/Disadvantages of Renewable Energy
2.1.2 Economics
2.2 Definition of Energy and Power
2.3 Fundamentals Concerning Energy
2.4 Energy Dilemna in Light of Laws of Thermodynamics
2.4.1 Conservation
2.4.2 Efficiency
2.5 Exponential Growth
2.6 Use of Fossil Fuels
2.7 Nuclear
2.8 Mathematics of Exponential Growth
2.9 Lifetime of a Finite Resource
2.10 Summary
References
Problems

WIND CHARACTERISTICS 3.1 Global Circulation
3.2 Extractable Limits of Wind Power
3.3 Power in the Wind
3.4 Change in Windspeed with Height
3.5 Wind Direction
3.6 Wind Power Potential
3.7 Wind Maps
3.8 Variations in Power
3.9 Windspeed Histograms
3.10 Duration Curve
3.11 Windspeed Distributions
3.12 General Comments
References
Problems

INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT 4.1 Instrumentation
4.1.1 Cup Anemometer
4.1.2 Propeller Anemometers
4.1.3 Wind Direction
4.1.4 Recorders
4.2 Characteristics of Instruments
4.3 Measurements
4.4 Vegetation Indicators
4.5 Data Loggers
References
Problems

WIND TURBINE 5.1 Drag Device
5.2 Lift Device
5.3 Orientation of Rotor Axis
5.4 Description of System
5.5 Aerodynamics
5.6 Control
5.6.1 Normal Operation
5.6.2 Faults
5.7 Energy Production
5.7.1 Generator Size
5.7.2 Rotor Area and Wind Map
5.7.3 Manufacturer's Curve
5.8 Calculated Annual Energy
5.9 Innovative Wind Systems
5.10 Applications
5.10.1 Electrical Energy
5.10.2 Mechanical Energy
5.10.3 Thermal Energy
5.10.4 Hybrid Systems
5.10.5 Summary
5.11 Storage
References
Problems

DESIGN OF WIND TURBINES 6.1 Introduction
6.2 Aerodynamics
6.3 Mathematical Terms
6.4 Analysis of Extractable Power
6.5 Drag Device
6.6 Lift Device
6.6.1 Maximum Theoretical Power
6.6.2 Rotation
6.7 Aerodynamic Performance Prediction
6.8 Measured Power and Power Coefficient
References
Problems

ELECTRICAL ASPECTS 7.1 Fundamentals
7.1.1 Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction
7.1.2 Phase Angle and Power Factor
7.2 Generators
7.3 Induction Generators
7.4 Examples
References
Problems

SYSTEM PERFORMANCE 8.1 Performance
8.2 Measures of Performance
8.3.1 California
8.3.2 WINDSTATS
8.3 Performance Reports
8.4 Performance of Enertech 44
8.5 Performance of Bergey Excel
8.6 Water Pumping
8.6.1 Farm Windmill
8.6.2 Electric to Electric System
8.7 Comments
References
Problems

SITING 9.1 Introduction
9.2 Long Term Reference Stations
9.3 Site Evaluation For Wind Farms
9.4 Wake and Array Losses
9.5 Digital Maps
9.6 Geographic Information Systems
9.7 Wind Resource Screening
9.8 Wind Power Production
9.7.1 Wind Power for Texas Panhandle
9.7.2 Wind Power for Texas
9.9 Numerical Models
10.0 Micrositing
11.0 Summary
References
Geographic Information Systems
Problems

10 WIND INDUSTRY 10.1 Introduction
10.2 New Wind Industry
10.2.1 Wind Industry 1970-1980
10.2.2 Wind Industry 1980-1990
10.2.3 Wind Industry 1990-2000
10.2.4 Wind Industry 2000-2010
10.2.5 Comments
10.3 Large Wind Turbines
10.4 Small Wind Turbines
References
Problems

INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES 11.1 Introduction
11.2 Avoided Costs
11.3 Utility Concerns
11.3.1 Safety
11.3.2 Quality Of Power
11.3.3 Connection To The Utility
11.4 Regulations On Installation And Operation
11.5 Environmental
11.6 Politics
11.7 Incentives
11.7.1 United States
11.7.2 Other Countries
References
Problems

ECONOMICS 12.1 Introduction
12.2 Factors Affecting Economics
12.3 General Comments
12.4 Economic Analysis
12.4.1 Simple Payback
12.4.2 Cost of Energy
12.4.3 Value of Energy
12.5 Life Cycle Costs
12.6 Present Worth and Levelized Costs
12.7 Externalities
12.8 Wind Project Development
12.8.1 Land Owner Considerations
12.8.2 COE Estimation for Wind Farm
12.9 Summary
References
Problems